altar 音标拼音: ['ɔltɚ]
n . 祭坛,神坛,圣坛
祭坛,神坛,圣坛
altar n 1 :
the table in Christian churches where communion is given [
synonym : {
altar }, {
communion table }, {
Lord '
s table }]
2 :
a raised structure on which gifts or sacrifices to a god are made Altar \
Al "
tar \,
n . [
OE .
alter ,
auter ,
autier ,
fr .
L .
altare ,
pl .
altaria ,
altar ,
prob .
fr .
altus high :
cf .
OF .
alter ,
autier ,
F .
autel .
Cf . {
Altitude }.]
1 .
A raised structure (
as a square or oblong erection of stone or wood )
on which sacrifices are offered or incense burned to a deity .
[
1913 Webster ]
Noah builded an altar unto the Lord . --
Gen .
viii .
20 .
[
1913 Webster ]
2 .
In the Christian church ,
a construction of stone ,
wood ,
or other material for the celebration of the Holy Eucharist ;
the communion table .
[
1913 Webster ]
Note :
Altar is much used adjectively ,
or as the first part of a compound ;
as ,
altar bread or altar -
bread .
[
1913 Webster ]
{
Altar cloth }
or {
Altar -
cloth },
the cover for an altar in a Christian church ,
usually richly embroidered .
{
Altar cushion },
a cushion laid upon the altar in a Christian church to support the service book .
{
Altar frontal }.
See {
Frontal }.
{
Altar rail },
the railing in front of the altar or communion table .
{
Altar screen },
a wall or partition built behind an altar to protect it from approach in the rear .
{
Altar tomb },
a tomb resembling an altar in shape ,
etc .
{
Family altar },
place of family devotions .
{
To lead (
as a bride )
to the altar },
to marry ; --
said of a woman .
[
1913 Webster ]
29 Moby Thesaurus words for "
altar ":
Communion table ,
altar carpet ,
altar desk ,
altar facing ,
altar of prothesis ,
altar rail ,
altar side ,
altar slab ,
altar stair ,
altar stone ,
altarpiece ,
ancona ,
bomos ,
chancel table ,
credence ,
eschara ,
frontal ,
gradin ,
hestia ,
holy table ,
mensal ,
missal stand ,
predella ,
prothesis ,
retable ,
retablo ,
rood altar ,
scrobis ,
superaltar Altar (
Heb .
mizbe '
ah ,
from a word meaning "
to slay "),
any structure of earth (
Ex .
20 :
24 )
or unwrought stone (
20 :
25 )
on which sacrifices were offered .
Altars were generally erected in conspicuous places (
Gen .
22 :
9 ;
Ezek .
6 :
3 ;
2 Kings 23 :
12 ;
16 :
4 ;
23 :
8 ;
Acts 14 :
13 ).
The word is used in Heb .
13 :
10 for the sacrifice offered upon it --
the sacrifice Christ offered .
Paul found among the many altars erected in Athens one bearing the inscription , "
To the unknown God " (
Acts 17 :
23 ),
or rather "
to an [
i .
e .,
some ]
unknown God ."
The reason for this inscription cannot now be accurately determined .
It afforded the apostle the occasion of proclaiming the gospel to the "
men of Athens ."
The first altar we read of is that erected by Noah (
Gen .
8 :
20 ).
Altars were erected by Abraham (
Gen .
12 :
7 ;
13 :
4 ;
22 :
9 ),
by Isaac (
Gen .
26 :
25 ),
by Jacob (
33 :
20 ;
35 :
1 ,
3 ),
and by Moses (
Ex .
17 :
15 , "
Jehovah -
nissi ").
In the tabernacle ,
and afterwards in the temple ,
two altars were erected .
(
1 .)
The altar of burnt offering (
Ex .
30 :
28 ),
called also the "
brasen altar " (
Ex .
39 :
39 )
and "
the table of the Lord " (
Mal .
1 :
7 ).
This altar ,
as erected in the tabernacle ,
is described in Ex .
27 :
1 -
8 .
It was a hollow square ,
5 cubits in length and in breadth ,
and 3 cubits in height .
It was made of shittim wood ,
and was overlaid with plates of brass .
Its corners were ornamented with "
horns " (
Ex .
29 :
12 ;
Lev .
4 :
18 ).
In Ex .
27 :
3 the various utensils appertaining to the altar are enumerated .
They were made of brass . (
Comp .
1 Sam .
2 :
13 ,
14 ;
Lev .
16 :
12 ;
Num .
16 :
6 ,
7 .)
In Solomon '
s temple the altar was of larger dimensions (
2 Chr .
4 :
1 .
Comp .
1 Kings 8 :
22 ,
64 ;
9 :
25 ),
and was made wholly of brass ,
covering a structure of stone or earth .
This altar was renewed by Asa (
2 Chr .
15 :
8 ).
It was removed by Ahaz (
2 Kings 16 :
14 ),
and "
cleansed "
by Hezekiah ,
in the latter part of whose reign it was rebuilt .
It was finally broken up and carried away by the Babylonians (
Jer .
52 :
17 ).
After the return from captivity it was re -
erected (
Ezra 3 :
3 ,
6 )
on the same place where it had formerly stood . (
Comp .
1 Macc .
4 :
47 .)
When Antiochus Epiphanes pillaged Jerusalem the altar of burnt offering was taken away .
Again the altar was erected by Herod ,
and remained in its place till the destruction of Jerusalem by the Romans (
70 A .
D .).
The fire on the altar was not permitted to go out (
Lev .
6 :
9 ).
In the Mosque of Omar ,
immediately underneath the great dome ,
which occupies the site of the old temple ,
there is a rough projection of the natural rock ,
of about 60 feet in its extreme length ,
and 50 in its greatest breadth ,
and in its highest part about 4 feet above the general pavement .
This rock seems to have been left intact when Solomon '
s temple was built .
It was in all probability the site of the altar of burnt offering .
Underneath this rock is a cave ,
which may probably have been the granary of Araunah '
s threshing -
floor (
1 Chr .
21 :
22 ).
(
2 .)
The altar of incense (
Ex .
30 :
1 -
10 ),
called also "
the golden altar " (
39 :
38 ;
Num .
4 :
11 ),
stood in the holy place "
before the vail that is by the ark of the testimony ."
On this altar sweet spices were continually burned with fire taken from the brazen altar .
The morning and the evening services were commenced by the high priest offering incense on this altar .
The burning of the incense was a type of prayer (
Ps .
141 :
2 ;
Rev .
5 :
8 ;
8 :
3 ,
4 ).
This altar was a small movable table ,
made of acacia wood overlaid with gold (
Ex .
37 :
25 ,
26 ).
It was 1 cubit in length and breadth ,
and 2 cubits in height .
In Solomon '
s temple the altar was similar in size ,
but was made of cedar -
wood (
1 Kings 6 :
20 ;
7 :
48 )
overlaid with gold .
In Ezek .
41 :
22 it is called "
the altar of wood ." (
Comp .
Ex .
30 :
1 -
6 .)
In the temple built after the Exile the altar was restored .
Antiochus Epiphanes took it away ,
but it was afterwards restored by Judas Maccabaeus (
1 Macc .
1 :
23 ;
4 :
49 ).
Among the trophies carried away by Titus on the destruction of Jerusalem the altar of incense is not found ,
nor is any mention made of it in Heb .
9 .
It was at this altar Zacharias ministered when an angel appeared to him (
Luke 1 :
11 ).
It is the only altar which appears in the heavenly temple (
Isa .
6 :
6 ;
Rev .
8 :
3 ,
4 ).
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