escheat
n . 重还;归还;没收;收回
重还;归还;没收;收回
escheat n 1 :
a reversion to the state (
as the ultimate owner of property )
in the absence of legal heirs 2 :
the property that reverts to the state Escheat \
Es *
cheat "\,
n . [
OE .
eschete ,
escheyte ,
an escheat ,
fr .
OF .
escheit ,
escheoit ,
escheeite ,
esheoite ,
fr .
escheoir (
F .
['
e ]
choir )
to fall to ,
fall to the lot of ;
pref .
es - (
L .
ex )
cheoir ,
F .
choir ,
to fall ,
fr .
L .
cadere .
See {
Chance },
and cf . {
Cheat }.]
1 . (
Law )
(
a ) (
Feud . &
Eng .
Law )
The falling back or reversion of lands ,
by some casualty or accident ,
to the lord of the fee ,
in consequence of the extinction of the blood of the tenant ,
which may happen by his dying without heirs ,
and formerly might happen by corruption of blood ,
that is ,
by reason of a felony or attainder .
--
Tomlins . --
Blackstone .
(
b ) (
U .
S .
Law )
The reverting of real property to the State ,
as original and ultimate proprietor ,
by reason of a failure of persons legally entitled to hold the same .
[
1913 Webster ]
Note :
A distinction is carefully made ,
by English writers ,
between escheat to the lord of the fee and forfeiture to the crown .
But in this country ,
where the State holds the place of chief lord of the fee ,
and is entitled to take alike escheat and by forfeiture ,
this distinction is not essential . --
Tomlins .
Kent .
(
c )
A writ ,
now abolished ,
to recover escheats from the person in possession . --
Blackstone .
[
1913 Webster ]
2 .
Lands which fall to the lord or the State by escheat .
[
1913 Webster ]
3 .
That which falls to one ;
a reversion or return [
1913 Webster ]
To make me great by others '
loss is bad escheat .
--
Spenser .
[
1913 Webster ]
Escheat \
Es *
cheat "\,
v .
i . [
imp . &
p .
p . {
Esheated };
p .
pr . &
vb .
n . {
Escheating }.] (
Law )
To revert ,
or become forfeited ,
to the lord ,
the crown ,
or the State ,
as lands by the failure of persons entitled to hold the same ,
or by forfeiture .
[
1913 Webster ]
Note :
In this country it is the general rule that when the title to land fails by defect of heirs or devisees ,
it necessarily escheats to the State ;
but forfeiture of estate from crime is hardly known in this country ,
and corruption of blood is universally abolished . --
Kent .
Bouvier .
[
1913 Webster ]
Escheat \
Es *
cheat "\,
v .
t . (
Law )
To forfeit . --
Bp .
Hall .
[
1913 Webster ]
ESCHEAT ,
title to lands .
According to the English law ,
escheat denotes an obstruction of the course of descent ,
and a consequent determination of the tenure ,
by some unforeseen contingency ;
in which case the land naturally results back ,
by a kind of reversion ,
to the original grantor ,
or lord of the fee ..
2 Bl .
Com .
244 .
2 .
All escheats ,
under the English law ,
are declared to be strictly feudal ,
and to import the extinction of tenure .
Wright on Ten .
115 to 117 ;
1 Wm .
Bl .
R .
123 .
3 .
But as the feudal tenures do not exist in this country ,
there are no private persons who succeed to the inheritance by escheat .
The state steps in ,
in the place of the feudal lord ,
by virtue of its sovereignty ,
as the original and ultimate proprietor of all the lands within its jurisdiction .
4 Kent ,
Com .
420 .
It seems to be the universal rule of civilized society ,
that when the deceased owner has left no heirs ,
it should vest in the public ,
and be at the disposal of the government .
Code ,
10 ,
10 ,
1 ;
Domat ,
Droit Pub .
liv .
1 ,
t .
6 ,
s .
3 ,
n .
1 .
Vide 10 Vin .
Ab .
139 ;
1 Bro .
Civ .
Law ,
250 ;
1 Swift '
s Dig .
156 ;
2 Tuck .
Blacks .
244 ,
245 ,
n .;
5 Binn .
R .
375 ;
3 Dane '
s Ab .
140 ,
sect .
24 ;
Jones on Land Office Titles in Penna .
5 ,
6 ,
93 .
For the rules of the Roman Civil Law ,
see Code Justinian ,
book 10 .
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