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phrenology    
n. 骨相学

骨相学

phrenology
n 1: a now abandoned study of the shape of skull as indicative
of the strengths of different faculties

Phrenology \Phre*nol"o*gy\, n. [Gr. frh`n, freno`s, the mind
-logy: cf. F. phr['e]nologie.]
1. The science of the special functions of the several parts
of the brain, or of the supposed connection between the
various faculties of the mind and particular organs in the
brain.
[1913 Webster]

2. In popular usage, the obsolete physiological hypothesis of
Gall, that the mental faculties, and traits of character,
are shown on the surface of the head or skull; craniology.
it is considered a pseudo-science by all reputable medical
personnel, but is still believed by some people.

Syn: craniognomy.
[1913 Webster PJC]

Note: Gall marked out on his model of the head the places of
twenty-six organs, as round inclosures with vacant
interspaces. Spurzheim and Combe divided the whole
scalp into oblong and conterminous patches. --Encyc.
Brit.
[1913 Webster]
[1913 Webster]


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  • Phrenology: The Study of Skull Shape and Behavior - Simply Psychology
    Phrenology is a discredited 19th-century theory holding that a person’s character and mental abilities can be read from the shape and bumps of their skull Founded by Franz Joseph Gall and popularised by Johann Spurzheim and George Combe, it held that each mental faculty (a distinct mental ability, such as memory or self-esteem) lived in its own brain “organ,” whose size pushed out the
  • Phrenology | History, Theory, Pseudoscience | Britannica
    Phrenology, the study of the conformation of the skull as indicative of mental faculties and traits of character, especially according to the hypotheses of Franz Joseph Gall and 19th-century adherents Johann Kaspar Spurzheim and George Combe Phrenology has since been discredited by scientific research
  • What Is Phrenology and Why Was It Discredited? - ScienceInsights
    Phrenology is a debunked pseudoscience that claimed you could determine a person’s character, intelligence, and personality by feeling the bumps on their skull Popular throughout the 1800s, it rested on the idea that the brain is divided into dozens of independent “organs,” each responsible for a specific mental trait, and that the size of each organ would push outward on the skull
  • Phrenology | Thompson | Encyclopedia of the History of Science
    Figure 1: Set of sixty miniature heads used in phrenology, Manchester Science Museum, London Attribution 4 0 International (CC BY 4 0) Phrenology, the nineteenth-century practice of interpreting mental qualities and potential based on the external appearance of the skull, is a science with a complex and rich history and historiography In the present day, phrenology is often referred to as
  • Phrenology - Encyclopedia of Greater Philadelphia
    Phrenology was an emerging "science" of measuring individuals' intellectual capacity based upon the physical features of their skulls and brains
  • PHRENOLOGY Definition Meaning - Merriam-Webster
    The meaning of PHRENOLOGY is the study of the conformation and especially the contours of the skull based on the former belief that they are indicative of mental faculties and character
  • What Is Phrenology in Psychology? - Verywell Mind
    Phrenology was a popular pseudoscience that linked bumps on a person’s head (aka “brain bumps”) to certain aspects of the individual’s personality and character
  • Phrenology: The Rise and Fall of a Neuropsychological Theory
    Explore phrenology, the 19th-century pseudoscience that attempted to link skull shape to personality, and its impact on modern neuroscience





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