|
hydrogenium 金属氢 金属氢 Hydrogen \ Hy" dro* gen\, n. [ Hydro-, 1 - gen: cf. F. hydrog[` e] ne. So called because water is generated by its combustion. See { Hydra}.] ( Chem.) A gaseous element, colorless, tasteless, and odorless, the lightest known substance, being fourteen and a half times lighter than air ( hence its use in filling balloons), and over eleven thousand times lighter than water. It is very abundant, being an ingredient of water and of many other substances, especially those of animal or vegetable origin. It may by produced in many ways, but is chiefly obtained by the action of acids ( as sulphuric) on metals, as zinc, iron, etc. It is very inflammable, and is an ingredient of coal gas and water gas. It is standard of chemical equivalents or combining weights, and also of valence, being the typical monad. Symbol H. Atomic weight 1. [ 1913 Webster] Note: Although a gas, hydrogen is chemically similar to the metals in its nature, having the properties of a weak base. It is, in all acids, the base which is replaced by metals and basic radicals to form salts. Like all other gases, it is condensed by great cold and pressure to a liquid which freezes and solidifies by its own evaporation. It is absorbed in large quantities by certain metals ( esp. palladium), forming alloy- like compounds; hence, in view of quasi- metallic nature, it is sometimes called { hydrogenium}. It is the typical reducing agent, as opposed to oxidizers, as oxygen, chlorine, etc. [ 1913 Webster] { Bicarbureted hydrogen}, an old name for ethylene. { Carbureted hydrogen gas}. See under { Carbureted}. { Hydrogen dioxide}, a thick, colorless liquid, { H2O2}, resembling water, but having a bitter, sour taste, produced by the action of acids on barium peroxide. It decomposes into water and oxygen, and is manufactured in large quantities for an oxidizing and bleaching agent. Called also { oxygenated water}. { Hydrogen oxide}, a chemical name for water, H? O. { Hydrogen sulphide}, a colorless inflammable gas, { H2S}, having the characteristic odor of bad eggs, and found in many mineral springs. It is produced by the action of acids on metallic sulphides, and is an important chemical reagent. Called also { sulphureted hydrogen}. [ 1913 Webster]
Hydrogenium \ Hy` dro* ge" ni* um\, n. [ NL. See { Hydrogen}.] ( Chem.) Hydrogen; -- called also in view of its supposed metallic nature. -- Graham. [ 1913 Webster]
|
安装中文字典英文字典查询工具!
中文字典英文字典工具:
英文字典中文字典相关资料:
|