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The Collaborative International Dictionary of English v.0.48 (gcide)

Theodolite \The*od"o*lite\, n. [Probably a corruption of the
alidade. See {Alidade}.]
An instrument used, especially in trigonometrical surveying,
for the accurate measurement of horizontal angles, and also
usually of vertical angles. It is variously constructed.
[1913 Webster]

Note: The theodolite consists principally of a telescope,
with cross wires in the focus of its object glass,
clamped in Y's attached to a frame that is mounted so
as to turn both on vertical and horizontal axes, the
former carrying a vernier plate on a horizontal
graduated plate or circle for azimuthal angles, and the
latter a vertical graduated arc or semicircle for
altitudes. The whole is furnished with levels and
adjusting screws and mounted on a tripod.
[1913 Webster]