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extinction    音标拼音: [ɪkst'ɪŋkʃən] [ɪkst'ɪŋʃən]
n. 灭绝,绝种,消灭,熄灭

灭绝,绝种,消灭,熄灭

extinction
n 1: no longer active; extinguished; "the extinction of the
volcano"
2: no longer in existence; "the extinction of a species" [synonym:
{extinction}, {defunctness}]
3: the reduction of the intensity of radiation as a consequence
of absorption and radiation
4: complete annihilation; "they think a meteor cause the
extinction of the dinosaurs" [synonym: {extinction},
{extermination}]
5: a conditioning process in which the reinforcer is removed and
a conditioned response becomes independent of the conditioned
stimulus [synonym: {extinction}, {experimental extinction}]
6: the act of extinguishing; causing to stop burning; "the
extinction of the lights" [synonym: {extinction},
{extinguishing}, {quenching}]

Extinction \Ex*tinc"tion\, n. [L. extinctio, exstinction: cf. F.
extinction.]
1. The act of extinguishing or making extinct; a putting an
end to; the act of putting out or destroying light, fire,
life, activity, influence, etc.
[1913 Webster]

2. State of being extinguished or of ceasing to be;
destruction; suppression; as, the extinction of life, of a
family, of a quarrel, of claim.
[1913 Webster]

3. Specifically: The ceasing to exist of a species of living
organism, such as a plant or animal, whose numbers
declined to the point where the last member of the species
died and therefore no new members of the species could
ever again be born.
[PJC]

Note: Extinctions have occurred many times throughout the
history of life on Earth, and abundant evidence of the
prior existence of animals and plants are found as
fossils in rock formations many millions of years old.
It is believed by some that due to the influence of man
on the environment and destruction of habitat, the rate
of extinction of species is now higher than at any
previous time on this planet. Extinctions of some
animals in recent years have actually been reliably
recorded, such as that of the {dodo bird}. A remarkable
example of extinction is that of the {passenger pigeon}
({Ectopistes migratorius}) in North America, which once
numbered in the billions, and the last living member of
which species was recorded as dying in captivity in
1914.
[PJC]

118 Moby Thesaurus words for "extinction":
abolishment, abolition, abscission, amputation, annihilation,
annulment, bane, biological death, blackout, blocking, burning out,
burnout, cessation of life, choking, choking off, clinical death,
controlling, crossing the bar, curtains, damping, death,
death knell, debt of nature, decease, dematerialization, demise,
departure, deracination, destruction, disappearance, disappearing,
dispersion, dissipation, dissolution, dissolving, doom, dousing,
dying, ebb of life, eclipse, elimination, end, end of life, ending,
eradication, erasure, eternal rest, evanescence, evaporation,
excision, exclusion, exit, expiration, extermination,
extinguishment, extirpation, fadeaway, fadeout, fading,
final summons, finger of death, fire fighting, flame-out, going,
going off, going out, grave, hand of death, jaws of death, knell,
last debt, last muster, last rest, last roundup, last sleep,
leaving life, liquidation, loss of life, making an end, melting,
mutilation, negation, nullification, occultation, parting, passing,
passing away, passing over, perishing, purge, putting out,
quenching, quietus, release, rescission, rest, reward, rooting out,
sentence of death, shades of death, shadow of death, silencing,
sleep, smotheration, smothering, snuffing, snuffing out,
somatic death, stifling, strangulation, suffocation,
summons of death, suppression, uprooting, vanishing,
vanishing point, voiding, wipe


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  • Chicle - Wikipedia
    Chicle ( ˈ tʃ ɪ k əl ) is a natural gum traditionally used in making chewing gum and other products [1] It is collected from several species of Mesoamerican trees in the genus Manilkara, including M zapota, M chicle, M staminodella, and M bidentata [2] [3]
  • Chicle | Definition, Description, History | Britannica
    chicle, gum that consists of the coagulated milky latex of the sapodilla tree (Manilkara zapota), a tropical American fruit tree principally from Yucatán and regions of Central America Chicle is obtained as pinkish to reddish brown pieces and is said to contain both rubber and gutta-percha
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    Chicle is the ingredient in the production of chewing gum It is a natural product of trees with gum characteristics traditionally used in making chewing gums Our prehistoric Neolithic ancestors used various resins or birch bar tars to chew for either pleasure or dental health
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    Chicle is a history in four acts, all of them focused on the sticky white substance that seeps from the sapodilla tree when its bark is cut First, Jennifer Mathews recounts the story of chicle and its earliest — known adherents, the Maya and Aztecs
  • The History of Chewing Gum, From Chicle to Chiclets - Serious Eats
    The practice of chewing gum dates back thousands of years, its enduring popularity evident in the dried chicle (a natural gum derived from trees) found among Mayan ruins in southern Mexico and the thousands of grayscale ovals pressed into city sidewalks around the world
  • CHICLE Definition Meaning - Merriam-Webster
    The meaning of CHICLE is a gum from the latex of the sapodilla used as the chief ingredient of chewing gum
  • Chicle, the ancient origins of Mexican chewing gum - El Universal
    is the mother of chewing gum since it was the first to explore the properties of the sapodilla tree, also known as chicle tree, which is the most common tree in the Great Petén area and grows in tropical forests of the Yucatán Peninsula , Belize , and the north of Guatemala
  • Chicle – What is Natural Chewing Gum? – My Slice of Mexico
    Chicle is the natural gum base that gave origin to American chewing gum, but how did that happen?
  • What is Chicle in Chewing Gum?-Suifafood Co. , Ltd.
    Chicle is a natural gum derived from the sap of Manilkara zapota trees, native to Mesoamerica For centuries, it was the key ingredient in chewing gum before synthetic alternatives took over Chicle gives gum its unique chew, and it's biodegradable, unlike the synthetic versions commonly used today
  • THE UNKNOWN HISTORY OF CHICLETS
    Explore the history of Chiclets, the iconic candy-coated gum from its ancient origins to modern ownership changes





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