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naturalism    音标拼音: [n'ætʃɚəl,ɪzəm] [n'ætʃrəl,ɪzəm]
n. 自然主义,本能行动

自然主义,本能行动

naturalism
n 1: (philosophy) the doctrine that the world can be understood
in scientific terms without recourse to spiritual or
supernatural explanations
2: an artistic movement in 19th century France; artists and
writers strove for detailed realistic and factual description
[synonym: {naturalism}, {realism}]

Naturalism \Nat"u*ral*ism\, n. [Cf. F. naturalisme.]
1. A state of nature; conformity to nature.
[1913 Webster]

2. (Metaph.) The doctrine of those who deny a supernatural
agency in the miracles and revelations recorded in the
Bible, and in spiritual influences; also, any system of
philosophy which refers the phenomena of nature to a blind
force or forces acting necessarily or according to fixed
laws, excluding origination or direction by one
intelligent will.
[1913 Webster]

3. The theory that art or literature should conform to
nature; realism; also, the quality, rendering, or
expression of art or literature executed according to this
theory.
[Webster 1913 Suppl.]

4. Specifically: The principles and characteristics professed
or represented by a 19th-century school of realistic
writers, notably by Zola and Maupassant, who aimed to give
a literal transcription of reality, and laid special
stress on the analytic study of character, and on the
scientific and experimental nature of their observation of
life.
[Webster 1913 Suppl.]

70 Moby Thesaurus words for "naturalism":
Marxism, absolute realism, animalism, artlessness, atomism,
authenticity, behaviorism, bona fideness, commonsense realism,
dialectical materialism, earthliness, empiricism, epiphenomenalism,
genuineness, health, historical materialism, honesty, hylomorphism,
hylotheism, hylozoism, inartificiality, legitimacy, lifelikeness,
literalism, literality, literalness, materialism, mechanism,
natural realism, naturalness, nature, naturism, new realism,
normalcy, normality, normalness, order, photographic realism,
physicalism, physicism, positive philosophy, positivism,
pragmaticism, pragmatism, propriety, realism, realness, regularity,
representative realism, secularism, sincerity, substantialism,
temporality, true-to-lifeness, truth to nature, unadulteration,
unaffectation, unaffectedness, unartificialness, unassumingness,
undisguise, unfictitiousness, unpretentiousness, unspeciousness,
unspoiledness, unspuriousness, unsyntheticness, verisimilitude,
wholesomeness, worldliness

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  • Naturalism (philosophy) - Wikipedia
    Naturalism is most notably a Western phenomenon, but an equivalent idea has long existed in the East Naturalism was the foundation of two out of six orthodox schools and one heterodox school of Hinduism [5][6] Samkhya, one of the oldest dualist schools of Indian philosophy puts nature (Prakriti) as the primary cause of the universe, without assuming the existence of a personal God or Ishvara
  • Naturalism (Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy)
    So understood, “naturalism” is not a particularly informative term as applied to contemporary philosophers The great majority of contemporary philosophers would happily accept naturalism as just characterized—that is, they would both reject “supernatural” entities, and allow that science is a possible route (if not necessarily the only one) to important truths about the “human
  • Naturalism | Realism, Empiricism Materialism | Britannica
    Naturalism, in philosophy, a theory that relates scientific method to philosophy by affirming that all beings and events in the universe (whatever their inherent character may be) are natural Consequently, all knowledge of the universe falls within the pale of scientific investigation Although
  • Naturalism - Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy
    Naturalism Naturalism is an approach to philosophical problems that interprets them as tractable through the methods of the empirical sciences or at least, without a distinctively a priori project of theorizing For much of the history of philosophy it has been widely held that philosophy involved a distinctive method, and could achieve knowledge distinct from that attained by the special
  • What Is Naturalism? (Definition Criticism) - TheCollector
    Naturalism is the metaphysical assumption that makes modern science possible Is naturalism justified and viable?
  • What is Naturalism? - PHILO-notes
    What is Naturalism? Naturalism is a philosophical and artistic movement that emerged in the late 19th century and became prominent in the early 20th century It is characterized by a belief in the scientific method and the idea that everything in the universe, including human beings, is part of the natural world and subject to its laws
  • 5 Naturalism – Ryan’s Outline of Philosophy - GitHub Pages
    Naturalism is a unifying view of philosophy and science It is an attitude about how philosophy should be done (a meta-philosophy) and about how philosophy relates to science Regardless of how one views the realism debate (discussed in the previous outline), naturalism shows a provocative, unifying way of viewing the projects of philosophy and science Here we also discuss additional meta
  • naturalism - Philopedia
    Comprehensive overview of philosophical naturalism: its etymology, major definitions, variations, key thinkers, and role in modern thought
  • NATURALISM Definition Meaning - Merriam-Webster
    The meaning of NATURALISM is action, inclination, or thought based only on natural desires and instincts
  • Naturalism - By Branch Doctrine - The Basics of Philosophy
    Naturalism is the belief that nature is all that exists, and that all things supernatural (including gods, spirits, souls and non-natural values) therefore do not exist It is often called Metaphysical Naturalism or Philosophical Naturalism or Ontological Naturalism to distinguish it from Methodological Naturalism (see the section on Types of Naturalism below) It holds that any mental





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