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The Collaborative International Dictionary of English v.0.48 (gcide)

Synthesis \Syn"the*sis\, n.; pl. {Syntheses}. [L., a mixture,
properly, a putting together, Gr. ?, fr. ? to place or put
together; sy`n with ? to place. See {Thesis}.]
1. Composition, or the putting of two or more things
together, as in compounding medicines.
[1913 Webster]

2. (Chem.) The art or process of making a compound by putting
the ingredients together, as contrasted with analysis;
thus, water is made by synthesis from hydrogen and oxygen;
hence, specifically, the building up of complex compounds
by special reactions, whereby their component radicals are
so grouped that the resulting substances are identical in
every respect with the natural articles when such occur;
thus, artificial alcohol, urea, indigo blue, alizarin,
etc., are made by synthesis.
[1913 Webster]

3. (Logic) The combination of separate elements of thought
into a whole, as of simple into complex conceptions,
species into genera, individual propositions into systems;
-- the opposite of {analysis}.
[1913 Webster]

Analysis and synthesis, though commonly treated as
two different methods, are, if properly understood,
only the two necessary parts of the same method.
Each is the relative and correlative of the other.
--Sir W.
Hamilton.
[1913 Webster]