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The Collaborative International Dictionary of English v.0.48 (gcide)

Resin \Res"in\ (r[e^]z"[i^]n), n. [F. r['e]sine, L. resina; cf.
Gr. "rhti`nh Cf. {Rosin}.]
Any one of a class of yellowish brown solid inflammable
substances, of vegetable origin, which are nonconductors of
electricity, have a vitreous fracture, and are soluble in
ether, alcohol, and essential oils, but not in water;
specif., pine resin (see {Rosin}).
[1913 Webster]

Note: Resins exude from trees in combination with essential
oils, gums, etc., and in a liquid or semiliquid state.
They are composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen, and
they consist primarily of polymerized small molecules
having carboxylic groups. Copal, mastic, guaiacum, and
colophony or pine resin, are some of them. When mixed
with gum, they form the gum resins, like asafetida and
gamboge; mixed with essential oils, they form balsams,
or oleoresins. They are also used in making varnishes.
[1913 Webster]

2. Any of various polymeric substance resembling the natural
resins[1], prepared synthetically; -- they are used,
especially in particulate form, in research and industry
for their property of specifically absorbing or adsorbing
substances of particular types; they are especially useful
in separation processes such as chromatography; as, an
ion-exchange {resin}.
[PJC]

{Highgate resin} (Min.), a fossil resin resembling copal,
occuring in blue clay at Highgate, near London.

{Resin bush} (Bot.), a low composite shrub ({Euryops
speciosissimus}) of South Africa, having smooth pinnately
parted leaves and abounding in resin.
[1913 Webster]