infant 音标拼音: ['ɪnfənt]
n . 婴儿,幼儿;未成年者
a . 婴儿的;未成年的
婴儿,幼儿;未成年者婴儿的;未成年的
infant n 1 :
a very young child (
birth to 1 year )
who has not yet begun to walk or talk ; "
the baby began to cry again "; "
she held the baby in her arms "; "
it sounds simple ,
but when you have your own baby it is all so different " [
synonym : {
baby }, {
babe },
{
infant }]
Infant \
In "
fant \,
n . [
L .
infans ;
pref .
in -
not fari to speak :
cf .
F .
enfant ,
whence OE .
enfaunt .
See {
Fame },
and cf .
{
Infante }, {
Infanta }.]
1 .
A child in the first period of life ,
beginning at his birth ;
a young babe ;
sometimes ,
a child several years of age .
[
1913 Webster ]
And tender cries of infants pierce the ear . --
C .
Pitt .
[
1913 Webster ]
2 . (
Law )
A person who is not of full age ,
or who has not attained the age of legal capacity ;
a person under the age of twenty -
one years ;
a minor .
[
1913 Webster ]
Note :
An infant under seven years of age is not penally responsible ;
between seven and fourteen years of age ,
he may be convicted of a malicious offense if malice be proved .
He becomes of age on the day preceding his twenty -
first birthday ,
previous to which time an infant has no capacity to contract .
[
1913 Webster ]
3 .
Same as {
Infante }. [
Obs .] --
Spenser .
[
1913 Webster ]
Infant \
In "
fant \,
a .
1 .
Of or pertaining to infancy ,
or the first period of life ;
tender ;
not mature ;
as ,
infant strength .
[
1913 Webster ]
2 .
Intended for young children ;
as ,
an infant school .
[
1913 Webster ]
Infant \
In "
fant \,
v .
t . [
Cf .
F .
enfanter .]
To bear or bring forth ,
as a child ;
hence ,
to produce ,
in general . [
Obs .]
[
1913 Webster ]
This worthy motto , "
No bishop ,
no king ,"
is . . .
infanted out of the same fears . --
Milton .
[
1913 Webster ]
193 Moby Thesaurus words for "
infant ":
abecedarian ,
aboriginal ,
adolescent ,
angel ,
antenatal ,
apprentice ,
arrested ,
autochthonous ,
babe ,
babish ,
baby ,
baby bunting ,
babyish ,
bambino ,
bantling ,
bay ,
beginner ,
beginning ,
budding ,
callow ,
catechumen ,
child ,
child of nature ,
classmate ,
creative ,
deb ,
debutant ,
defective ,
deficient ,
doll -
like ,
dollish ,
dove ,
dupe ,
elemental ,
elementary ,
embryonic ,
entrant ,
failing ,
fellow student ,
fetal ,
fledgling ,
formative ,
foundational ,
freshman ,
fundamental ,
gestatory ,
grade schooler ,
green ,
greenhorn ,
greeny ,
hick ,
high schooler ,
hopeful ,
hypoplastic ,
immature ,
in arms ,
in arrear ,
in arrears ,
in default ,
in diapers ,
in embryo ,
in its infancy ,
in nappies ,
in short supply ,
in swaddling clothes ,
in the bud ,
in the cradle ,
inadequate ,
inaugural ,
inceptive ,
inchoate ,
inchoative ,
incipient ,
incomplete ,
incubator baby ,
incunabular ,
infantile ,
infantine ,
ingenue ,
initial ,
initiative ,
initiatory ,
innocent ,
intermediate schooler ,
introductory ,
inventive ,
junior ,
juvenal ,
juvenile ,
kindergartner ,
kittenish ,
lacking ,
lamb ,
learner ,
little angel ,
little darling ,
lout ,
mere child ,
mewling infant ,
minor ,
missing ,
nascent ,
natal ,
needing ,
neonatal ,
neonate ,
neophyte ,
nestling ,
newborn ,
newborn babe ,
newcomer ,
noble savage ,
novice ,
novitiate ,
nursery school child ,
nursling ,
oaf ,
original ,
papoose ,
part ,
partial ,
parturient ,
patchy ,
postnatal ,
preemie ,
pregnant ,
premature baby ,
prenatal ,
prep schooler ,
preschool child ,
preschooler ,
primal ,
primary ,
primary schooler ,
prime ,
primeval ,
primitive ,
primogenial ,
probationer ,
procreative ,
pubescent ,
puling infant ,
raw recruit ,
recruit ,
rookie ,
rube ,
rudimental ,
rudimentary ,
sapling ,
scant ,
scanty ,
school child ,
school kid ,
school lad ,
schoolboy ,
schoolfellow ,
schoolgirl ,
schoolmate ,
scrappy ,
secondary schooler ,
short ,
shy ,
simple soul ,
sketchy ,
slip ,
sprig ,
stripling ,
suckling ,
teenager ,
teener ,
teenybopper ,
tenderfoot ,
toddler ,
trainee ,
tyro ,
underdeveloped ,
undeveloped ,
unfledged ,
unripe ,
unsophisticate ,
ur ,
wanting ,
weanling ,
yearling ,
yokel ,
young hopeful ,
young person ,
younger ,
youngest ,
youngling ,
youngster ,
youth ,
youthful INFANT ,
persons .
One under the age of twenty -
one years .
Co .
Litt .
171 .
2 .
But he is reputed to be twenty -
one years old ,
or of full age ,
the first instant of the last day of the twenty -
first year next before the anniversary of his birth ;
because ,
according to the civil computation of time ,
which differs from the natural computation ,
the last day having commenced ,
it is considered as ended .
Savig .
Dr .
Rom .
Sec .
182 .
If ,
for example ,
a person were born at any hour of the first day of January ,
1810 ,
(
even a few minutes before twelve o '
clock of the night of that day ,)
he would be of full age at the first instant of the thirty -
first of December ,
1831 ,
although nearly forty -
eight hours before he had actually attained the full age of twenty -
one years ,
according to years ,
days ,
hours and minutes ,
because there is ,
in this case ,
no fraction of a day .
1 Sid .
162 ;
S .
C .
1 Keb .
589 ;
1 Salk .
44 ;
Raym .
84 ;
1 Bl .
Com .
463 ,
464 ,
note 13 ,
by Chitty ;
1 Lilly '
s ,
Reg .
57 ;
Com .
Dig .
Enfant ,
A ;
Savig .
Dr .
Rom .
Sec .
383 ,
384 .
3 .
A curious case occurred in England of a young lady who was born after the house clock had struck ,
while the parish clock was striking ,
and before St .
Paul '
s had begun to strike twelve on the night of the fourth and fifth of January ,
1805 ,
and the question was whether she was born on the fourth or fifth of January .
Mr .
Coventry gives it as his opinion that she was born on the fourth ,
because the house clock does not regulate anything but domestic affairs ,
that the parochial clock is much better evidence ,
and that a metropolitan clock ought to be received with "
implicit acquiescence ."
Cov .
on Conv .
Ev .
182 -
3 .
It is conceived that this can only be prima facie ,
because ,
if the fact were otherwise ,
and the parochial and metropolitan clocks should both have been wrong ,
they would undoubtedly have had no effect in ascertaining the age of the child .
4 .
The sex makes no difference ,
a woman is therefore an infant until she has attained her age of twenty -
one years .
Co .
Litt .
171 .
Before arriving at full infant may do many acts .
A male at fourteen is of discretion ,
and may consent to marry ;
and at that age he may disagree to and annul a marriage he may before that time have contracted he may then choose a guardian and ,
if his discretion be proved ,
may ,
at common law ,
make a will of his personal estate ;
and may act as executor at the age of seventeen years .
A female at seven may be betrothed or given in marriage ;
at nine she is entitled to dower ;
at twelve may consent or disagree to marriage ;
and ,
at common law ,
at seventeen may act as executrix .
5 .
Considerable changes of the common law have probably taken place in many of the states .
In Pennsylvania ,
to act as an executor ,
the party must be of full age .
In general ,
an infant is not bound by his contracts ,
unless to supply him for necessaries .
Selw .
N .
P .
137 ;
Chit .
Contr .
31 ;
Bac .
Ab .
Infancy , &
c .
I 3 ;
9 Vin .
Ab .
391 ;
1 Com .
Contr .
150 ,.
151 ;
3 Rawle '
s R .
351 ;
8 T .
R .
335 ;
1 Keb .
905 ,
913 ;
S .
C .
1 Sid .
258 ;
1 Lev .
168 ;
1 Sid .
129 ;
1 Southard '
s R .
87 .
Sed vide 6 Cranch ,
226 ;
3 Pick .
492 ;
1 Nott &
M '
Cord ,
197 .
Or ,
unless he is empowered to enter into a contract ,
by some legislative provision ;
as ,
with the consent of his parent or guardian to put himself apprentice ,
or to enlist in the service of the United States .
4 Binn .
487 ;
5 Binn .
423 .
6 .
Contracts made with him ,
may be enforced or avoided by him on his coming of age .
See Parties to contracts ;
Voidable .
But to this general rule there is an exception ;
he cannot avoid contracts for necessaries ,
because these are for his benefit .
See Necessaries .
The privilege of avoiding a contract on account of infancy ,
is strictly personal to the infant ,
and no one can take advantage of it but himself .
3 Green ,
343 ;
2 Brev .
438 .
When the contract has been performed ,
and it is such as he would be compellable by law to perform ,
it will be good and bind him .
Co .
Litt .
172 a .
And all the acts of an infant ,
which do not touch his interest ,
but take effect from an authority which he has been trusted to execute ,
are binding .
3 Burr .
1794 ;
Fonb .
Eq .,
b .
1 ,
c .
2 ,
Sec .
5 ,
note c .
7 .
The protection which the law gives an infant is to operate as a shield to him ,
to protect him from improvident contracts ,
but not as a sword to do injury to others .
An infant is therefore responsible for his torts ,
as ,
for slander ,
trespass ,
and the like ;
but he cannot be made responsible in an action ex delicto ,
where the cause arose on a contract .
3 Rawle '
s R .
351 ;
6 Watts '
R .
9 ;
25 Wend .
399 ;
3 Shep .
233 ;
9 N .
H .
Rep .
441 ;
10 Verm .
71 ;
5 Hill ,
391 .
But see contra ,
6 Cranch ,
226 ;
15 Mass .
359 ;
4 M '
Cord ,
387 .
8 .
He is also punishable for a crime ,
if of sufficient discretion ,
or doli capax .
1 Russ .
on Cr .
2 ,
3 .
Vide ,
generally ,
Bouv .
Inst .
Index ,
h .
t .;
Bing .
on Infancy ;
1 Hare &
Wall .
Sel .
Dec .
103 ,
122 ;
the various Abridgments and Digests ,
tit .
Enfant ,
Infancy ;
and articles Age ;
Birth ;
Capax Doli ;
Dead born ;
Foetus ;
In ventre sa mere .
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