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thermoelectricity    
n. 热电

热电

thermoelectricity
n 1: electricity produced by heat (as in a thermocouple)

Thermoelectricity \Ther`mo*e`lec*tric"i*ty\, n. [Thermo-
electricity: cf. F. thermo['e]lectricit['e].] (Physics)
Electricity developed in the action of heat. See the Note
under {Electricity}.
[1913 Webster]


Electricity \E`lec*tric"i*ty\ ([=e]`l[e^]k*tr[i^]s"[i^]*t[y^]),
n.; pl. {Electricities} ([=e]`l[e^]k*tr[i^]s"[i^]*t[i^]z).
[Cf. F. ['e]lectricit['e]. See {Electric}.]
1. (Physics) a property of certain of the fundamental
particles of which matter is composed, called also
{electric charge}, and being of two types, designated
positive and negative; the property of electric charge on
a particle or physical body creates a force field which
affects other particles or bodies possessing electric
charge; positive charges create a repulsive force between
them, and negative charges also create a repulsive force.
A positively charged body and a negatively charged body
will create an attractive force between them. The unit of
electrical charge is the {coulomb}, and the intensity of
the force field at any point is measured in {volts}.
[PJC]

2. any of several phenomena associated with the accumulation
or movement of electrically charged particles within
material bodies, classified as {static electricity} and
{electric current}. Static electricity is often observed
in everyday life, when it causes certain materials to
cling together; when sufficient static charge is
accumulated, an electric current may pass through the air
between two charged bodies, and is observed as a visible
spark; when the spark passes from a human body to another
object it may be felt as a mild to strong painful
sensation. Electricity in the form of electric current is
put to many practical uses in electrical and electronic
devices. Lightning is also known to be a form of electric
current passing between clouds and the ground, or between
two clouds. Electric currents may produce heat, light,
concussion, and often chemical changes when passed between
objects or through any imperfectly conducting substance or
space. Accumulation of electrical charge or generation of
a voltage differnce between two parts of a complex object
may be caused by any of a variety of disturbances of
molecular equilibrium, whether from a chemical, physical,
or mechanical, cause. Electric current in metals and most
other solid coductors is carried by the movement of
electrons from one part of the metal to another. In ionic
solutions and in semiconductors, other types of movement
of charged particles may be responsible for the observed
electrical current.
[PJC]

Note: Electricity is manifested under following different
forms: (a)

{Statical electricity}, called also

{Frictional electricity} or {Common electricity}, electricity
in the condition of a stationary charge, in which the
disturbance is produced by friction, as of glass, amber,
etc., or by induction. (b)

{Dynamical electricity}, called also

{Voltaic electricity}, electricity in motion, or as a current
produced by chemical decomposition, as by means of a
voltaic battery, or by mechanical action, as by
dynamo-electric machines. (c)

{Thermoelectricity}, in which the disturbing cause is heat
(attended possibly with some chemical action). It is
developed by uniting two pieces of unlike metals in a bar,
and then heating the bar unequally. (d)

{Atmospheric electricity}, any condition of electrical
disturbance in the atmosphere or clouds, due to some or
all of the above mentioned causes. (e)

{Magnetic electricity}, electricity developed by the action
of magnets. (f)

{Positive electricity}, the electricity that appears at the
positive pole or anode of a battery, or that is produced
by friction of glass; -- called also {vitreous
electricity}. (g)

{Negative electricity}, the electricity that appears at the
negative pole or cathode, or is produced by the friction
of resinous substance; -- called also resinous
electricity. (h)

{Organic electricity}, that which is developed in organic
structures, either animal or vegetable, the phrase animal
electricity being much more common.
[1913 Webster]

3. The science which studies the phenomena and laws of
electricity; electrical science.
[1913 Webster]

4. Fig.: excitement, anticipation, or emotional tension,
usually caused by the occurrence or expectation of
something unusual or important.


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  • Thermoelectricity | Physics Energy Conversion | Britannica
    thermoelectricity, direct conversion of heat into electricity or electricity into heat through two related mechanisms, the Seebeck effect and the Peltier effect When two metals are placed in electric contact, electrons flow out of the one in which the electrons are less bound and into the other
  • Thermoelectric effect - Wikipedia
    Danish physicist Hans Christian Ørsted noted that the temperature difference was in fact driving an electric current, with the generation of magnetic field being an indirect consequence, and so coined the more accurate term "thermoelectricity" [7]
  • 热电基础 Basic Concepts of Thermoelectricity - 知乎 - 知乎专栏
    介绍热电领域的一些基础理论知识,主体内容来源于巴黎高等物理化工学院(ESPCI, Paris)的 Kamran Behnia 教授所写 Fundamentals of Thermoelectricity 一书的第一章。
  • 热电 - 百度百科
    塞贝克 (Seeback)效应,又称作第一 热电效应 ,它是指由于两种不同电导体或半导体的温度差异而引起两种物质间的电压差的 热电现象 。 在两种金属A和B组成的回路中,如果使两个接触点的温度不同,则在回路中将出现电流,称为 热电流 。 塞贝克效应的实质在于两种金属接触时会产生 接触
  • Explained: Thermoelectricity | MIT News | Massachusetts Institute of . . .
    Thermoelectricity is a two-way process It can refer either to the way a temperature difference between one side of a material and the other can produce electricity, or to the reverse: the way applying an electric current through a material can create a temperature difference between its two sides, which can be used to heat or cool things
  • Introduction to Thermoelectricity | SpringerLink
    Covers the basics and applications of thermoelectricity and thermoelectric materials; Also features new nanotechnological applications; A reference for researchers and electrical engineers alike; Also suited as a study text for graduate students; Includes supplementary material: sn pub extras
  • Thermoelectrics - Latest research and news - Nature
    Thermoelectrics are materials that can generate electricity from the application of a temperature gradient, or vice versa, through the thermoelectric effect By exploiting this coupling between
  • Thermoelectricity - an overview | ScienceDirect Topics
    Thermoelectricity refers to the generation of electricity from low-grade or ubiquitous heat, making it a promising solution for the energy crisis caused by the depletion of fossil fuels It involves the use of materials such as inorganic, polymeric, and composite materials to convert heat into electrical energy
  • Thermodynamics and Thermoelectricity - IEEE Xplore
    Thermoelectric (TE) effects result from the interference of electrical current and heat flow in various materials This chapter presents a retrospective view on some of the milestones in the development of thermoelectricity It reviews the thermodynamic theory of galvano‐ and thermomagnetic effects
  • Thermoelectrics - Engineering LibreTexts
    Thermoelectrics (TEs) are materials that convert heat to electricity via the Seebeck effect This unique ability of TEs is dependent upon electronic and thermal properties The dimensionless figure …





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